Evaluating Personal Study Skills Education Essay

Evaluating Personal Study Skills Education EssayFor this essay I go out be evaluating my own rent skills and identifying my strengths and weaknesses utilise a devise analysis technique. Once these issues amaze been identified any deficiencies will be addressed by way of a diagnostic plan. SWOT stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats and was created by Albert Humphrey at Stanford University in the 1960s. SWOT Analysis is an effective process for interpreting my Strengths and Weaknesses, and for describing the Opportunities operational to me and the Threats hindering me.In position to be productive when attainment resume skills must be acquired. Study skills include such things as date circumspection, note taking in lectures, concentration, memorizing and public speaking skills. In addition to assisting me to highlight the skills I need to improve and develop, completing a SWOT analysis will allow me to centre my attention onto the skills where I am alrea dy strong.Study Skills Swot AnalysisStrengthsNote-taking in lectures promptnessClassroom discussionsResearchingReadingIT skillsWeaknesses motivationMaking quantify to studyspellTime instructionProcrastinationSelf disciplinePresenting projectsconcentrationscrutiny preparationMemoryWork experience in the construction manufacturetechnical acquaintanceImpatienceOpportunitiesExtra help from tutorsProof reading material by graduated colleaguesUse of technology such as arrangement devices during lecturesOpportunities for personal developmentJob shadowingEngage tutors in providing feedbackThreats running(a) late in my part time job can negatively impact on my studiesLong commute to college can affect my time managementTime pres sealedStudy SkillsStudy skills provide a significant contribution to schoolman success and they be decisive tools for learning. As Devine, (1987) statedStudy skills encompass a range of coordinated cognitive skills and processes that enhance the effectivenes s and efficiency of students learningAccording to Hoover and Patton (1995), study skills include the competencies associated with acquiring, recording, organising, synthesising, think backing, and using culture. These skills help the student to be successful. Studying is a skill and like all skills it involves training and developing by using particular methods that assist the student learn, organise, remember, and apply information. According to Gersten (1998), a tie of students with studying weaknesses simply do not know the tricks of the trade that ar practiced by more successful students when they study.A skilled student will map a type of cognitive learning quite a than just learning from observing and repetition. Pressley and Afflerbach (1995) discovered several key cognitive techniques that successful students use in order to interpret and help remember information. Some of these were as followsOverview before readingSearch for important information and pay more attent ion to itRelating important pointsUse of prior knowledgeChange the approach of learning when struggling to understandThe reverse is veritable when thinking with students of a low academic level as they will frequently exhibit weak study skills. As they incline to collect a more inactive role in studying and die hard to rely on other people for example, t separatelyers or parents.Studying demand both cognitive thinking, as well as self-management skills in order to sustain the students concentration, effort, and time needed. If these self-management skills are not employed it may be due to inadequate motivation.Study skills are needed for students to achieve academic success. Good study skills reduce the chance that the student will bombard and enable them to make the best of what they are taught. To be competent, students must spend a penny a broad range of study skills that they are capable of using.Issues to be addressedTime management relates to an array of skills applied to manage time in order to achieve particular projects, jobs and goals. To improve my time management skills it is important I set individual labors or goals and break them drink into an action plan. An importance rating will be established for each individual task or goal and a deadline set (e.g. talk to be completed by April 26th). This process will result in an extensive plan with a schedule of activities over a passing(a) period. Many time management computer programmes are now available which I would find easier to manage.Once my goals and tasks have been set and prioritised time management comes down to the efficient scheduling of my time which helps me to keep on trend and focused. Scheduling is the procedure of calculating the time available and planning how to use it in order to accomplish the set goals and tasks. With effective scheduling I can make the best use of the time available and further an understanding of what is achievable in the time allocated.A leading come of not being able to concentrate is not being provoke in the get to. If Im reading something I really want to, my attention typically will remain. Yet, when Im learning something that I regard as dull or tedious, I will traffic patternly find it hard. At other measure my lack of concentration is because Im tired or a fear of failure. In order to improve my concentration I must improve my influence environment by making it more comfortable. Distractions must also be shut out as much as possible (e.g. TV, Radio). I must keep a positive mental attitude for the task and remember my purpose for studying and my ultimate goal.Motivation is a hard field and self-motivating can be hard. There are basically dickens types of motivation, intrinsic (Doing something because you enjoy it) and extrinsic motivation (Doing things because of external factors like funds etc). I can improve my self-motivation by changing the way I look at a task, and I can associate goal it with something thats intrinsically pleasing. I will also supply my own rewards, and fudge how I approach unavoidable tasks to provide more extrinsic motivation.When I procrastinate I put off things that I should be instruction on right now, generally in favour of doing something that is more pleasurable. It is normal to procrastinate on occasion. Yet, unreasonable procrastination can lead to feelings of transgression about not completing a task straight away. Additional, dissipated procrastination can lead to inadequate performance if the task is act without enough time to do it competently. In order to break this drug abuse I will make up my own rewards for completing name and ask someone to check up on me to make sure I am carrying out the work needed.There are a number of tools used to improve memory, these are called mnemonics. Mnemonics are methods for recalling information that is other quite hard to remember. The thought behind practising mnemonics is to encode hard to conceive inf ormation in a way thats a great deal easier to recall. The central idea is that by encrypting information utilising pictorial mental images they are easier to remember when you need them. There are three basic principles implicit in(predicate) in the function of mnemonics imagination, association and location. When you put these three principles together you are able to produce effective mnemonic systems.To improve my presentation skills I need to address a number of factors. I firstly have to recognise what the audience requires and then I need to develop the capacitance and deliver it in a confident manor to create an boilersuit engaging presentation.IssuePersonal Action PlanTime Managment specialise individual goals and tasks. Schedule these tasks on a daily basisMotivationSet personal rewards. Positive attitudeLate working hours twaddle to my manager about changing hoursConcentrationRemove distractions. Improve study areaLack of work experienceApply for volunteer work or job s hadowingCognitive LearningBecome less(prenominal) passive and more engaged in learningMemory interconnected mnemonics into my exam revision

Areas in the Early Years Foundation Stage

Areas in the former(a) Years Foundation pegBuilding positive relationshipsTo build a positive relationship with a little person is non ever easy. Some throng are genuinely opened and easy to originate along with but then some are uncommunicative so they would rather be alone and do their own liaison than execute and talk to others. Also, boorrens behaviour is unpredictable, you yet never know what is tar eviscerate the corner. That is why you washbasin non work in peasant flush context thinking you act the akin with every single person. unluckily it is not that easy because personalities are assorted and every child is an respective(prenominal) who fates different kind of care.The Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) is the statuary framework that sets the standards that all early years providers must image to ensure that children acquit away and bugger off well and are kept flushed and safe. These standards areThe promotion of the welfare of children in t he child care settingAppropriately screened adults to work with the childrenA suitable environment, equipment and premisesCorrectly hold documentationThe provision of an organisational structure in which they move find out and develop emotionally, socially, physically and intellectuallyIt is extremely all-important(a) that the adults work with kids are working for these standards especially when they are OFSTED registered because hardly not working with these rules and being registered with OFSTED is against the law. Children learn best when they are healthy, safe and secure, when their someone needs are met and when they withdraw positive relationships with the adults caring of them. With these rules child care professed(prenominal)s defecate learnt how to implement the 6 breeding goals, which is worked out by The Early Years Foundation Stage, in the child care setting.The Early Years Foundation Stage consists of hexad areas of learning and ontogeny which arePersonal, social and emotional developmentCommunication, wording and literacyProblem solving, reasoning and numeracyKnowledge and viewing of the homoPhysical developmentCreative developmentMost of the areas are covered simply just the children being in the child care setting surrounded by intelligent adults and of fertilise other children whom they are socialising and commanding with. single playing with other kids brings out most of the six points in individual but obviously it is not plenteous. With manners, literacy, numeracy, knowledge and understanding of the world kids do need a little help from the adults but that is why professional carers know all different type of activities and exercises that are good for learning and development.People working with children have been taught to observe every person so they know what every single individual needs to learn quicker, how to learn and to develop more than. Obviously it is perpetually good to bring with other carers and of cour se parents, to make the best decisions out of it.Childrens respect to other people comes from an early age, it all dep raritys of the environment they have been raised up in but too of the parents, what they have taught to their children. It is typical the kids believe in the same things as the adults living at shoes but it is not always good. As the time goes on, there is so legion(predicate) changes in smell that older people do not accept but we can not t apiece our kids to do that. That is why it is important to teach children from one-year-old age to respect and value individuality.We oft find children who do not have any siblings not sincerely respectful to others, because they have employ to calculate everything they compulsion but in give care manner there is no-one at internal they have to share their things with. There is lots of responsibilities coming from home that parents need to do but in addition if the kids attend nursery or a child care setting, carer s have their own part of raising children to pose responsible young adults. Going to the child care setting on a regular basis definitely helps children to understand other childrens needs and how to communicate and play with others.Professional carers have been taught how to deal with young people. They know how to act in front of and with the children so they have no bad example they could take from the adults. provided communication is the key Carers and parents definitely need to talk things through and through, because children get confused and nothing good comes out of it if adults at home are acting very different to the ones at the child care setting.It is also very easy to teach kids through games. Games teach how to share things, how to communicate with others and when difficulties appear, how to solve lines and arguments. Really good for this are role plays. But it is important for adults to gentle on the side and observe so they could help to understand the situation of the problems and find the solution together with the kids involved.Showing children that everyone in this world are equal no matter their culture, material status, skin people of color or age, could asseverate them away of trouble when being kids but also in the future. It is important them to tolerate and value individuality.Keeping positive behaviour and avoid negative at home and also in the child care setting, is probably every parents and carers dream. But the thing adults are usually struggling with is consistency.From my own experience when travel into my previous host family to hang later on the kids, they did have the same problem. It seems to be really difficult for parents to stick to what they have said. With two boys in the family to look after I made it pretty clear from the start what they can and can not to. Of course they tried to push the boundaries but I sticked to my words. The difference how the kids behaved with me and with the parents was huge. I knew when I asked them to do something, they did it and never had to ask in two ways but when parents asked, really lots kids did not even respond. It shows clearly what these parents have done wrong and therefore they will not get enough respect by their own children.The main thing for parents is to keep their promises and keep up with consistency but the children need to also know that after every bad behaviour there are always consequences. It is really important for adults to keep up with this too, otherwise child will get confused and there will be no result.But recognising solely bad behaviour and keep telling children off is frustrating for two sides. That is why we also need to notice the good things kids do. Nurseries and schools are often using stickers as a reward for a good behaviour. As children love stickers it is really good idea to use it in a child care setting.By seeing and noticing the good things kids are doing, they want to get noticed even more because they know it will also bring more attention from adults and of course they will get rewards. Parents and carers do need to be careful though because there is so many cases when children are using this and will blackmail the adults to get what they want simply just misbehaving when the parents will not buy something they wanted. But there should not be any problems when the rules are clear from an early age.In every household and child care setting children and adults are really often facing infringes. It is usually between children who are fighting over toys or attention, or problems are appearing simply because of lack of social skills, hunger, weariness or lack of suitable role models. But sometimes we do see conflicts between children and adults. Usually caused because of not enough attention, generational clashes or because the middle child has been forgotten about. So what should we do, to solve these problems? And at the end of the day, are conflicts good or bad?The KidsHealth website gives advice for parents to give some more privacy to their children but also to trust them a little daub more. It is obviously more of an advice to parents with a little bit older children who real do know what they are doing. The website also says to listen and of course to do more explaining. Kids should be taught to ask adults to explain things through so the conflict would not develop.So, is conflict good or a bad thing? Many theorists agree that it is a good thing and it helps children to develop. Piaget believed that conflict in children was healthy, and if worked through, would help children to overcome their egocentric thought patterns, Erikson believed that to become a improve person one must resolve the conflict in each stage of life, because life is full of conflicts. And Vygotsky thought conflict is more like a learning progress, he believed that children will learn from the conflict.Many different child care facilities seems to think that conflict is a part of val et de chambre nature and kids needs to have the skill to solve a problem without an adults help. That is why they believed it is an adults responsibility to give children conflicts to resolve, at this point with adults but by the time they are all grown up, they can do it themselves and through this, survive.Keeping the perfect parent/carer and friend relationship at home or in the child care setting might be sometimes really difficult. Kids often just would not take well an adults telling them what to do, or how to behave with others and also by teaching them, children would not think you still want to be their friend. Still trying to be a friend but at the same time to stay professional, have childrens respect and keep up with the consistency is a hard work. But if this happens when children and adults find the perfect balance, it will be really good harmony in a whole household/child care setting, which is a good influence to everyone.Bibliographyhttp//www.kon.org/urc/dennis.html http//www.livestrong.com/article/84969-parentchild-conflict/http//raisingchildren.net.au/articles/encouraging_good_behaviour.htmlhttp//discipline.about.com/od/disciplinebasics/a/Discipline-Kids-With-Positive-And-Negative-Consequences.htmwww.kidscount.com.au/english/chapter11.aspwww.childcarealgoma.ca/UploadedFiles/files/importance_of_observing_and_recording_children.pdf

Reasons For Prison Population Increase

Reasons For Prison Population IncreasePrisons all all over the universe argon experiencing an add in existence each day. This give the gate be blamed on the increasing appraise of offence especially non idle abominations. The recent advancement in technology has led to add-ond crimes especially since criminals do non hold to leave their houses to commit a crime. The lucre has become a widely used utility for cyber crimes that just anticipate an internet connection, as comfortably as hacking skills. much(prenominal) criminals argon further to commit such(prenominal) crimes by the fact that they do not need to hurt anybody, or murder anybody to steal. Drug offenders comprise of the large(p)gest share of the prison house house tribe especially in the US.According to DAmico (2013), the US houses the biggest population in its prisons compared to opposite nations. The growth in the population over the last 40 years can be attributed to the war on drugs. Drug prohib ition era leads to an ontogenesis in violent crimes with the formation of cartels and gangs. The impact of uplifted population growth in prisons presents a rising internment figure in all countries. This paper will discuss the causes of population make up in prisons and outline assesss that can be taken to incarceration.Increases in evaluate time resolvedIncrease in the time that offenders serve in prison is one of the major causes of population increase in prisons all over the world. Changes in the time served by drug offenders contribute to nearly of the tally increase. regulateance make believe revised the prison borders to include extended time as an effort to warn other people from committing the crime (Carrabine, 2004, p.23). The loss of exemption, in addition to monetary fines that are imposed on offenders serve to discourage prisoners from committing the crime again. ane of the ways of making this mode effectual is to increase the boundary for a specifie d crime. Such an increase has resolutioned into longer stays for prisoners thus leading to an increase in the population. postgraduate reliance ratesConviction rate refers to the number of convictions that a brass or prosecutor makes compared to come up number of cases that are filed. In a majority of nations, an arrest is usually followed by a court talk against the individual arrested. Arrestees are aligned in court in set to determine whether or not the person should be convicted. The conviction rate thus represents the frequency of arrests that lead to conviction in relation to the get along arrests during a specific time.Conviction rates vary from one region to another or from one judicial system to the other. Some countries come forth different conviction rates for drug disrespects, kidnapping, traffic offenses and cyber crimes among others. Over time, conviction rates throw off increased in virtually nations. Increase in conviction rates occurs as a result of a n increase in budgetary allocations to judicial systems. Sufficient budget allows for an increase in supply resulting in an increase in the number of cases presented to court for sentencing. This increases the number of made convictions. As a result, the population of prisons increases. High conviction rate accounts for about a quarter of the total increase.Higher rates of sentencing contribute to an increase in prison population. Sentencing rate refers to the rate at which arrested persons are sentenced by a court compared to the number aligned before the court. In or so judicial systems, the proportion of offenders who received court imposed sentences has increased. The increase pertains to most offenses such as fraudulent quality offenders, drug offenders and non regulatory property offenders.Increase in fairness enforcementAn aggregate increase in righteousness enforcement activities has as nearly contributed to the expansion of prison populations. Enforcements trends va ry across the various types of offenses, and the duration. Authorities all over the world experience stepped up their enforcement activities in auberge to enforce law and order. This factor contributes to about 5 percent of the total increase. In countries such as the US, the heightened immigration authority has contributed heavily to the increase. sleeve offenses such as possession of a firearm illegally hire also led to toweringer number of inmates. This is as a result of a higher investigation rate, as well as federal arrests.High recidivism rateRecidivism refers to the act of a person repeating a behavior that is undesirable or illegal after efforts to train the person on how to extinguish such a behavior, or after the person has experienced negative consequences as a result of that behavior. In criminology, the term refers to the re arresting of offenders after committing the same crime that got them in prison. iniquitous recidivism is related to psychopathy. The psychopa thy refers to an uninhibited gaiety mostly common in criminals, aggressive or sexual impulses, as well as the unfitness to learn from ones past mistakes. Studies have shown that individuals suffering from this disorder gain gratification from antisocial behaviors and often lack remorse for such actions.Recidivism rate thus refers to the rate at which offenders who have gone through the prison fudge factor system are arrested again for the same offense. The most common cases of recidivism rent cases related to drunk driving, drug offenses and cyber crimes among others (Haugen and Musser, 2009, p.120). Increasing rates of recidivism has contributed to the increase in prison populations.Violating or unsuccessfully completing community supervisionOne way of correcting offender is by frightful community inspection and repair bailiwick method. This method involves offenders reporting to a given community service labor for a specified period of time. This method is intended to keep t he offenders occupied, as well as deter them from committing the crime again. This method is lenient compared to prison sentences since the offender is not denied the freedom of movement. The offender can either serve a specified time in prison before fate the community, or serve the entire term serving the community depending on the age of the offender and the offense. However, serving community does not guarantee ones freedom since the offender is expected to attend to the duties at the specified time without failure.In order to ensure that offenders perform the duties as directed, each offender is delegate a supervisor who ensures that the community service is done as directed. each violations are reported to the court, and the consequences go as far as gyves. An increase in the rate of violations regarding to community service mainly results in incarceration (McShane, 2008, p.86). This in turn results to an increase in the population of inmates.Harsher penalties for certain t ypes of offensesIn a bid to decrease the rate of certain offenses, judicial systems have opted to impose harsher sentences on offenders. Such crimes include drug offenses, immigration offenses and homicide among others. Offenders committing such crimes stay longer in prison as a measure to deter them from committing the same crime in future, as well as discourage others from committing the same crime. The longer stay in prison operator that at any one time, the number of inmates will always be high.The war on drugs has been intensified in most countries around the world. The natural law have received higher budgetary allocations in order to curd drug offenses among others. They have also increased their investigations on such issues, as well as the number of suspects arrested for the same. The judicial system has contributed to the war by imposing harsher sentences on offenders.Convicted inmates serving a greater portion of their sentences in prisonReforms in the criminal legal e xpert system have also contributed in a significant rise in the number of prisoners. This especially refers to the reforms that have resulted in prisoners serving a bigger portion of their sentence term in prison. Under such reforms, the offender spends more time in prison as a measure to deter them from committing the same offense again in the future. The time spent on community service is relatively small. As much as this has led to efficient discipline systems, it has resulted in population increase leading to overcrowding in prisons.Poor grooming and inaccurate population projectionsInaccurate projection of inmates population has resulted in lamentable planning that has seen population in prisons increase. Lack of proper planning has resulted in overcrowding in prisons, one of the major impacts of population increase. Poor planning has also provided inaccurate data on community correction options. Policy makers have failed to make in effect(p) policies on community correctio n so as to distribute the number of offenders in both systems depending on the offense. This has caused a big proportion of offenders spending their entire term in prison, whereas they could be turn by use of community correction methods.Measures to reduce incarceration internment refers to the detention of an offender in prison as a penalisation for a crime committed. Different judicial systems have different laws that govern the process of incarceration. Incarceration serves four significant purposes. First, it isolates criminals in order to deter them from committing more crimes. Secondly, it serves as a punishment for committing the offense. Thirdly, incarceration serves to deter other people or criminals from committing the same offense. Lastly, it rehabilitates the criminals into productive members of the society. Increase in incarceration impacts directly on population in prisons, which on the other excrete has a direct effect on congestion.Reduce laws governing passive c rimesAccording to Treadwell (2006) the current treatment of non violent crimes has greatly increased incarceration in most countries. In some states such as California, the penalisation for both minor and non violent offenses ranges from 5 years to life imprisonment (Clear and Cole, 1990). The result is a big percent of prisoners are minor offenders who can use community correction measures. These laws are extremely strict on minor offenders and lead to increasing number of inmates. The best way to carry off such crimes is to devise hard-hitting community correction methods that do not involve imprisonment.Employment policiesStudies have shown that more than half of the prison population consists of people earning below a dollar. most(prenominal) countries especially the developing countries are characterized by high rates of un study. This in turn leads to increased crime as a way of sustaining oneself. Studies have shown that about 70 percent of offenders admit that they were unemployed at the time of the arrest (Guess and Farnham, 2000, p.117).The contribution of high rates of unemployment can be addressed through effective policies on employment. The policies should aim at creating jobs for all citizens in a country, as well as providing incentives for self employment opportunities. This will reduce the rate of unemployment buy providing jobs to would be offenders. This in turn will reduce incarceration.Eliminate good making prison companiesIn some nations, US for instance, the criminal justice systems use the services of privately managed prisons, in addition to the government managed prisons. Such companies rely on high incarceration rates for higher profits. The carry of such private facilities is caused by among others, high crime rate, relaxation of law enforcement efforts. All these factors are beyond the control of the private prison facilities. trim back the demand of these facilities can reduce the rate of incarceration (Petrella, 2013). T his can be achieved through a change of sentencing patterns to reduce the number of prison inmates through alternative correction methods.Prison education programsResearch has shown that effective prison education programs can reduce the rate of recidivism. In the previous section, recidivism has been identify as a cause of population increase in prisons. An effective education program can reduce the rate at which offenders are re arrested for the same crime. Such an educational program equips inmates with skills that can be applied after they are released from prison (Jacobson, 2005, p.76). This will be effective in reducing recidivism in prisons, and thus reduce incarceration.ConclusionMost countries have been experiencing an increase in the population of inmates mostly due to the temperament of their criminal justice systems, increase in conviction rates, an increase in recidivism and increase in law enforcement activities. This has resulted in overcrowding and a strain of facil ities and budgetary allocations for the prison departments. Curbing the increasing incarceration can reduce the population burden in many prisons. This can be achieved by implementing effective prison education programs, reducing sentence for minor offenders and enforcing effective employment policies in order to increase employment opportunities.

SWOT Analysis of Ultra Tech Cement Industry

SWOT Analysis of revolutionary tech Cement IndustryThe SWOT analysis ab pop out basal Tech cementumumum and its position in the market. The social club is one of the gritty hat in the cement industry, analysing it with the different cloth of analysis in order to judge the actual situational and industrial position of the lodge in order to find out how actually is the go with doing.The accompany is cladding a lot of problem regarding its promotion and marketing techniques callable to which it faces a short of aw arness in the market due to which people ar non aw ar of the yield but instead of all the problems it is kind of stable and maintain its position in the market. After performing work up analysis of the company by reviewing porters 5 forces and pestel analysis companys strategic rest and positioning exhaust been analysed.Currently the company is having a better standing(a) as little terror of entry is really low due to eminent initial funds required to establish the factory setup.Contents introduction revolutionary Tech is Indias biggest exporter of cement clinker. The companys take congeals turn over increase across eleven incorporated atomic number 18a, one white cement plant, twelve attrition units and five terminals four in India and one in Sri Lanka. Most of the plants have ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 certification. In addition, two plants have outcome ISO 27001 certification and four have received SA 8000 certification. The process of certification is at present started for the left over plants. The company exports over 2.5 one thousand thousand slews per annum, which is somewhat 30 per cent of the countrys total exports. The export market comprises of countries nigh the Indian Ocean, Africa, Europe and the nerve centre East.Export is a pressure area in the companys strategy for growth. Worlds purloin 10 cement companies comprises of Ultra Tech Cement Limited. The company has an yearly force of 48.8 million tones, and manufactures and markets ordinary in that location is irruption furnace slag cement and There is Pozzolana cement. The companys subsidiaries are Dakshin Cements Limited, Harish Cements Limited there is Ceylinco (P) Limited and Ultra Tech Cement Middle East Investments Limited. (Kalesh, 2009)SWOT ANALYSISSTRENGTHSCement choose has grown in tandem with wholesome economic growth derived from offset in housing sector (over 30%) key solicit driver. root word contrives manage ports, airports, power projects, dam irrigation Projects.National Highway Development Programme.Bharat Nirman Yojana for boorish infrastructure and rise in industrial projects.ProductionThe companys deed facilities are spread across 11 integrated plants, one white cement plant, 12 grinding units and 5 terminals, 4 in India and one in Sri Lanka. High quality cement production is increasing annually.Annual production capacity is 23.10 million tones.Use of high-end equipment such as the Gam ma poetic rhythm Machine and the X-ray Analyser ensures that each product passing out of company. There is manufacturing facility adheres to international standards of quality andperformance.LogisticsUltra Tech send away directly deal with the limestone tenders and thus the middle man do non affect its follow. social club use the local transporters which provide the efficient exile cost. Thereby reducing the extra expense and making cement to a greater extent economical for the local man to afford.PlantationUltra techs manufacturing plant uses immoderate-modern engine room and imported machinery. Companys Unit at Koala is the only Unit in this sector in India to have a desalination plant. It is utilise for clashing the water needs of the plant and the colony. The waste gases from the cooler are used in the desalination plant. that makes the product recyclable and purlieual friendly thereby contributing to the environment.The Ultra Tech cement manufacturing the greenbelt at companys Units is obviously awesome and is surrounded by trees all around. At some points, company is advancing to achieve the skyline. Only the leaves and the flowers and hear the cacophony of the birds.Companys CSR (corporate social responsibility) activities conk to 127 villages, in proximity to its plants, across the country. (William B. Werther, David B. Chandler, 2010)Brand PositioningIn the world, Aditya Birla separate is the eighth largest cement pretender. Ultra Techs products include Ordinary Portland cement, Portland Pozzolana cement and Portland blast furnace slag cement. The company exports over 2.5 million tons per annum, which is about 30 per cent to the countrys total exports. Ordinary There is cement is the most unremarkably used cement for a wide range of process. Applications cover dry-lean mixes, general ready-mixes, and even high strengthpre-cast and pre-stressed concrete.OPC(ordinary Portland cement) is used for applications, such as mercenary buildin gs, industrial constructions, Multi storied complexes, cement concrete roads and surd obligation floors. PPC ( Portland Pozzolana cement )cement is used forbig construction like dam and thermal powerplant.Distribution ChannelsUltra Techs distribution network is very widely spread out in the country with over 5,500 dealers and 30,000 retailers with its safe distribution channels currently Ultratech is starting to acquire a strong positioning in the market giving head on emulation to its rivals.QualityAll the plants of Ultra tech are ISO 14001 Environment vigilance Systems certified sustain toOHSAS 18001 standards.Clean technologies and processes that combine economic progress and sustainable environment are adopted by the company for better performance. There is plants at Awarpur and Ratnagiri in Maharashtra There is Jafrabad and Magdalla in Gujarat Hirmi in Chhattisgarh Arakkonam in Tamil Nadu Tadipatri in Andhra Pradesh Jharsuguda in Orissa and Durgapurin westside Bengal.The y have won the Capexil certification of Export Recognition Top Exporter -Cement, Clinker, Asbestos and Cement Products for the years 2000, 2002 and2003. Bhartiya Udyog Ratan swag presented to Sh. KYP Kulkarni By Indian Economic Development Research Association (IEDRA) for commodity quality of cement to customer, New Delhi in 2004. (Narayanan, 2007)WEAKNESSESSCement Industry is highly fragmented and it is also highly regionalized and Low harbor commodity makes loony toons over long distances uneconomical.Not available in all the places Ultra tech is not available at all the places as it is not manufactured at all places and all plants are not available everywhere due to which people cannot find it everywhere hence the remuneration margins are affected to a greater extend.Human Resource delinquent to openness in the Ultra techs work culture which is very versed that does not suit forbetter management in corporate . The environment being very informal affects the management a lot as being the management they have to maintain a distance and gibe but due to the openness there is no such social occasion and they face a lot difficulty to control. And Ultra tech has poor man power due to its easy recruiting and selection method.Marketing privation of awareness program for consumers due to low promotion mix the company faces the problem of proper(a) promotion due to which the customers doesnt kat once much about the product resulting into less sales of the product instead of being a ripe product.Lack of marketing mix the company suffers with the problem of proper marketing mix which in return results into the whole confusion produce and the product does not reach to the customers properly and in fact a lot of them dont know about it also.Delay in planning the company being fixed in the outer parts of the city and its plant not being located in every city causes abide in the supply of the product. (Porter, 1988)HealthHighly dusty environment at the tim e of dumping the cement is hazardous forhealth.It affects humans respiratory organisation adversely. Ultra tech is therefore not contributing to society as its corporate social responsibility remains unfulfilled due to some(prenominal) an separate(prenominal) hazards.OthersCement industry is highly fragmented and regionalized as Low note value commodity makes. As transportation over long distances is uneconomical for value sector, so cost of transporting cement is high and this keeps cement from being useful over long distances. In new(prenominal) talks, shipping cement be more than than than the profit from selling it.PESTEL ANALYSISAnalysing the above by dint of pestel framework Ultratech was highly affected by the environmental factors. As cement plants are very harmful for the environment causing a lot of contamination and is harmful for the health of human being hence proving that the environmentally it is not good and hence its plants all are made to be situated out side the city where the population rate is low or no population. So Ultratech is bearing great difficulty in managing the environment along with the health issues.OPPORTUNITIESWith the low per capita employment of cement in India 102 kg compared to the global average of 260 kg and the emphasis on infrastructure development, Ultra tech has ample opportunity to ride the growth curve. Ultratech can develop vernal marketing area. It can sign MOUs (memorandum of understanding) with presidential term regarding supply of cement forgovernment work. Ultratech can also maintain the position of competition in the market. institutional market like corporate and offices, school society complexes are growing in large scale, which result increase the requirement. People are opting for more stable structures and good future, so large use of cement is winning place, so government isspending heavily on infrastructure project as Indian industry base is growing rapidly Thus, this is the ripe time to fully invest in these market. There is regular demand of cement which in turn will increase foreign enthronisation in this sector. As roadstransformation process is going on throughwhich the traditional method of road building will be convert by modern concrete roads. Substantially lower per capita cement consumption as compared to developing countries (1/3 rd of world average) Per capita cement consumption in India is 82 kgs against a global average of 255 kgs and Asian average of 200 kgs. For green field capacity 20 million tons per annum will be required to match the demand in subscriber line for other two years leading to favourable demand supply scenario. (verma, 2008)THREATSAs huge cement industry emerge there is more competition for ACC (Associated Cement Companies) to carefully enhanced its price , product and at the same time satisfy its dealers and customers. Cheap priced brand are capturing like a mushroom to lower income customerbase. Players such as Jaypee Cement , prism Cement, and Birla cement. ACC cement are eating up considerable market share. overdue to India satisfy growth many another(prenominal) new international cement companies are expected in coming years which will bring awful change and can start price war. Government intervention to slump cement prices Transportation cost is upgrading. Due toloading restriction there is overloading industrialist shows increase in costs due to the shortage in coal industry.Many retailers are influence by better profit margin, andother Benefits because of small industries increase competition among them, which in turn give heavy discount to customer and start malpractices.Timber is also being considered as one of the substitutes of cement, which is cheap and long lasting. Due to continuous attack of earthquake, many countries like Japan, Indonesia, Singapore etc are now using timber in construction since those areas are high earthquake affected. (Kalesh, 2009)PORTERS 5-FORCE MODEL(THREAT) A NALYSISAnalysing the above through the five forces frameworkThreat of New Entrants Thehigh costs are major entry barrier for the entry of new players. The high commitment costs make it difficult to import cement. Cement being a high volume low value commodity results in high goods costs, which makes cement imports economically unlikely. Domestic Cement industry is highly integrated from global cement markets. Making cement duty free, as cement is being imported from neighbouring countries. However, due to logistics issues and lack of port, handling capabilities, imports of cement will remain negligible and do not pose a threat to domestic industry of Ultratech.Competitive rivalry between existing players previously the rivalry was strong among the players, as the industry was not consolidated. During the last fewer years the industry has become more consolidated with the Top 3 players Ultratech is having a combined market share of 49 percent in 2005-06 as compared to 32 Percent i n 1999-2000. (Porter, 1988)Its competitive analysis is as followsDomestic players competing Ultratech areAssociated Cement Companies Ltd (ACCL)Associated Cement Companies Ltd manufactures ordinary Portland cement, composite cement and special cement and has begun offering its marketing expertise and distribution facilities to other producers in cement and related areas. The company plans capital expenditure through expansion of existing units and/or through eruditenesss.Birla CorpBirla Corps product portfolio includes acetylene gas, auto trim parts, casting, cement, jute goods, yarn, calcium carbide etc. The cement sectionalisation has an installed capacity of 4.78 million metric tones and produced 4.77 million metric tones of cement in 2003-04. The company has two plants in Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan and one each in West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh and holds a market share of 4.1 per cent. Going forward, the company is setting up its captive Power plant to remain cost competitive.M adras CementsMadras Cements Ltd is one of the oldest cement companies in the southern region and is a part of the Armco company. The company is active in cement, clinker, dolomite, dry mortar mix, limestone ready mix cements (RMC) and units generated from windmills.Lafarge IndiaLafarge India Pvt Ltd, a appurtenant of the Lafarge Group, has a total cement capacity of 5 million metric ton and a clinker capacity of 3 million tonne in the country. Lafarge commenced operations in 1999 and currently has a market share of 3.4 per cent. It exports clinker and cement to Bangladesh and Nepal. It produces Portland slag cement, ordinary Portland cement and Portland Pozzolana cement.Grasim-Ultra Tech CemcoGrasims product visibleness includes viscose staple fiber (VSF), grey cement, white cement, sponge iron, chemicals andtextiles. With the acquisition ofUltra Tech, L Ts cement division inearly 2004, Grasim hasnow become the worlds seventh largest cement producer with acombined capacity of 3 1million tones. Grasim (with Ultra Tech) held a marketshare of around 21 percent in 2005-06.Gujarat Ambuja Cements Ltd (GACL)Gujarat Ambuja wasset up in1986 with the commencement ofcommercial production at its 2 million tonneplant in Chandrapur, Maharashtra. The group has clinker manufacturing facilities at Himachal Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Chattisgarh, Punjab and Rajasthan. The company has a market share of around 10 per cent, with astrong foothold in the northern and occidental markets. Itstotal sales aggregated US$ 526millionwith a capacity of12.6 million tonne in 2003-04. Gujarat Ambuja is one ofIndias largest cement exporter and one ofthe most cost efficient firms. It hasalso earmarked around US$ 195-220 million for acquisitions Cements Ltd.CONCLUSIONAs India is the second largest producer of cement in the worlds many big player presents in the market after that Ultratech cement increases his market share due to the high growth rate of real estate. Because of continuousl y growth of ultra tech cement after little yearcompany whitethorn occur top cement manufacturer in India. After arise analysis of Ultra Tech I found that company has many strength, but few weakness also present, there are several(a) opportunities for companyin Indiaand other Asian countries because the infrastructure is continuously developing. Company has won the best Employer award in 2007, so young multiplication have various career opportunities in it. Overall performance of company is increasing continuouslyin each sectorlike as Production, HR, Marketing it is good for company it is soon about to establish a strong brand name in the industry due to its good quality and reputed image that is making it exclusive from its competitors.

Definition and Features of Monopoly and Competition

Definition and Features of Monopoly and disputationDefinition of MonopolyMonopoly is a well defined merc turn overise structure where on that address is sole(prenominal) one removeer who controls the entire market add together, as there ar no close substitutes for his harvest-festival and there atomic number 18 no barriers to the presentation of rival producers. This sole seller in the market is called monopoliser. The term monopoliser is derived from the Greek word mono, meaning ace, and polist meaning seller. so the monopolizer may be defined as the sole seller of a crossing which has no close substitutes. The monopoliser is faced by a large number of competing buyers for his product. Evidently monopoly is the antithesis of argument on. In a monopoly market, the producer, being the sole seller, has no direct competitors in either the popular or technical foul sense. Thus, the monopoly market model is the gelid extreme of competition.Features of MonopolyThe fe atures of a monopoly areThe monopoliser is the sole producer in the market. Thus, beneath monopoly, pixilated and industry are identical.thither are no closely belligerent substitutes for the product. So the buyers l authorise no alternative or choice. They work either to buy the product or go without it.Monopoly is a complete negation of competition.A monopolizer is a outlay maker and not a scathe taker. In fact his hurt fixing effect is absolute. He is in a position to fix the impairment for the product, as he standardiseds. He evict vary the wrong from buyer to buyer. Thus in a agonistic industry, there is a single thought equipment casualty, piece in a monopoly, there may be differentials.A monopoly buckram itself being the industry, it faces a d ownward-sloping implore worm for its product. That delegacy it cannot sell more railroad siding signal un little the price is blueered.A pure monopoliser has no immediate rivals out-of-pocket to certain b arriers to presentation in the field. There are legal, scientific, scotch or natural obstacles which may block the entry of new pie-eyeds.Since a monopolist has a complete control all over the market fork over in the absence of a close or remote substitute for his product, he can fix the price as well as standard of be exchange in the market.Abuses of Monopolythough a monopolist has complete freedom in determining his own price, there are some limits to his forefinger. These are listed belowThe occupy incline of a monopolist slopes downwards.This is shown as demand bring down DD of the monopolist in Figure. On such a crape, a monopolist cannot choose twain Price and Output to be sold. He has to determine one of these quantities. If he chooses graduate(prenominal)schooler price P1 he has to be satisfied with little gross r level(p)ue of quantity Q1. If he prefers larger output Q2 he depart incur to charge lower price P2.The second constraint on monopoly power arise s out of the income and leaveingness of consumers. If the monopolist attempts to charge a price as high as Pn his sales move to zero. So til now though a monopolist has complete freedom to charge any high price this freedom is restricted by the consumers ability to purchase goods.Finally, monopoly power besides depends upon elasticity of the demand crimp. If the demand crimp is rigid or slight elastic the monopolist has a greater degree of control. As the demand trim down becomes more flexible or flatter the monopolists control starts declining.This can be explained with the help of Figure. In the radiation diagram there are two demand curves. DD1 is rigid or less flexible showing greater monopoly control. DD2 is flatter or more flexible and depicts a lower degree of monopoly control. On rigid demand curve DD1 if the monopolist increases the price from P to P1 the fall in the quantity sold is as small as QQ1. On the flatter demand curve DD2 with the same rise in price, a f all in the quantity sold is as large as NN1. In encase of a flexible demand curve there is a danger that even at a higher(prenominal) price, the total revenue of a monopolist may be smaller. This has been further explained in the table below termsRIGID DEMAND D1 essential REVENUE TR1FLEXIBLE DEMAND D2TOTAL REVENUE TR22612204045208326424530A monopolist attempts to raise his price from 2 to 4 to 6. As a result of this quantity demanded goes on falling. in time in the case of Rigid Demand D1, with a fall in the demand from 6 to 5 to 4 Total Revenue TR1 increases from 12 to 20 to 24. With the Flexible Demand narrow D2 the quantity demanded falls sagaciously from 20 to 8 to 5 causing Total Revenue TR2 to fall from 40 to 32 to 30. Hence the slope or the degree of tractability of the demand curve governs the degree of monopoly powerMonopoly market is restrictive and thereof considered as an evil form of market. Monopoly is in any case a source of wastage. It at a lower placeutil izes originative capacity and reduces Consumers Surplus. Underutilization of capacity may cause some workers to stay unemployed. These and former(a) shortcomings can be analyzed and explained with the help of a comparative degree diagram.We find both hawkish and monopoly counterpoise positions marketed by period of time e1 and e2 respectively. A hawkish whole produces output Q1 and sells at price P1. A monopolist produces smaller output Q2 (Q2P1). Competition allows only conventionality do goods to a firm as part of the average price of production. A monopolist earns extra monopoly dough of the size CSRP2. Under competition output is produced at point e1 which is the lowest point on the average personify line. thence competition makes fuller utilization of the productive capacity. Under monopoly output is produced at point S which is on the falling phase of AC. This shows belowutilization of the productive capacity. Finally, the size of the Consumers Surplus at a low er place competition is as large as De1P1 while that on a lower floor monopoly is only DRP2. Hence chthonic monopoly there is higher price, lower output, chthonicutilization of productive capacity or wastage of resources and reduction in Consumers Surplus.Differences between Monopoly, proportion Competitive residualThere are regular(prenominal) divergencys between the two types of market models their equaliser positions. A comparative deem of their differences is presented belowThe demand curve of a competitive firm for its product is entirely elastic. It is a horizontal straight line. It implies that the firm can sell any level of out put at the ruling market price. While the demand curve of the noncompetitive for his product is relatively inelastic, it is a downward sloping curve. It suggests that the monopolist can sell more output only by lowering the price.To a competitive firm, price is allow in the market. So at this price, average and marginal revenue allow fo r be the same. Hence, AR MR curves coincide and are represented through the demand curve which is a horizontal straight line. In the case of a monopoly, the downward sloping demand curve represents the AR curve. The MR curve also slopes downwards but it lies below the AR curve. If it is li nuzzle, then it lies half the remoteness between the price-axis and the demand curve.Under both perfect competition and monopoly, the counterpoise output is set at the point of equality between MC and MA. The competitive firm attains counterweight only when the MC curve intersects the MR curve below. Thus, it is essential that MC must be rising at and cheeseparing the chemical equilibrium output. In fact, the falling damage curves caused by change magnitude returns to eggshell are incompatible with competitive equilibrium output, for the firms MR curve being horizontal, the falling MC curve can never take place to a competitive equilibrium position because as the firm will be inclined t o expand its size until it becomes so large that its AR and MR curves ultimately begin to fall in order to cut the forever falling MC curve. This means that the firm will become so large that competition will become imperfect and the individual firm would be in a position to influence the price of its product by altering its own output. In short, perfect competition will cease to exist when a firm increases its output to a rattling large extent in order to attain equilibrium under falling cost conditions. It may, therefore, be concluded that increasing returns to carapace or a continuously downward sloping MC curve perfect competition are incompatible.It follows, thus, that a major difference between competitive equilibrium monopoly equilibrium is that while in the case of the former, the MC curve of the firm must be rising at or near the equilibrium level of output, in the case of the latter, this is not essential. A monopoly firm can attain equilibrium under any state of retu rns to scale or cost conditions, whether constant, rising or falling. The fundamental condition of monopoly equilibrium that must be satisfied is MC=MR, and the MC curve must intersect the MR curve from below (yet it need not necessarily be rising).Again, when we compare the equilibrium conditions of the two models, we find that the fundamental rule of profit maximization is the same, i.e., equating MC with MR, the characteristic difference lies with respect to price as average revenue and MC. Under perfect competition, price=AR=MR thus, at equilibrium output, MC=price. In monopoly, on the other hand MRMC.In a perfect chemical formula equilibrium condition of a firm under competition in the spacious run only, normal profit is realized. In the case of a monopoly, overindulgence monopoly profit can be earned even in the massive-run. In fact, the positive difference between price and MC in a monopoly gives excess profit.In the massive run, when the competitive firm gets only norma l profit, it operates at the nominal point of the LAC curve. Hence the competitive firm be givens to be of optimum size. A monopoly firm, on the other hand, attains equilibrium at the falling path of the AC curve, which means it doesnt utilize its plant capacity to the full extent. The excess capacity in a monopoly firm thus causes it to be of less than optimum size.Usually, the monopoly price tends to be higher while the monopoly output smaller than that under perfect competition. A direct comparison of price and output under monopoly and competition is nonetheless difficult because a competitive firm is just a part of the industry as a whole, while a monopoly firm is an industry itself.MONOPOLY EQULIBRIUM UNDER DIFFERENT COST CONDITIONSFirms under all market condition achieve equilibrium at a point where MC=MR and MC is increasing or MCMR if an additive unit of measurement is produced. Under Perfect competition this is possible only if the firm is operate with increasing cos t i.e. marginal cost curve is sloping upward. Equilibrium cannot be determined if the marginal cost is decrease or constant.Equilibrium is possible only in fig A where both needful and sufficient conditions are fulfilled, whereas in B only the necessary condition is fulfilled and in C neither necessary nor sufficient conditions are satisfied.Unlike perfect competition, equilibrium of a monopoly is possible underincreasingconstant anddecreasing cost as shown in Figure think shows equilibrium of a monopoly firm with increasing cost. The firms AC and MC curves are sloping upward. MC cuts MR at E. Here MC=MR and for any additional production MCMR. Therefore firm A reaches equilibrium at point E. TR=OQ1 TP. TC=OQ1SN.Pie=NSTPFigure B, the firm reaches equilibrium at point E1 under constant cost. At point E1 MC=MR and thereafter MCMR therefore the firm stops its production. At E1. TR=OQ2T1P1. TC=OQ2E1N1.Therefore Pie=N2S2T2P2Figure C explains the equilibrium under decreasing cost. Equilib rium output is determined at point E2. Where MC=MR and MCMR for any additional output. TR=OQ3T2P2. TC=OQ3S2N2Therefore Pie=N2S2T2P2The firm however will not be able to decide its output if under decreasing cost its marginal cost is always below the MR curve as shown in the figure.Fig shows the indetermination of Equilibrium under decreasing cost. Here the MC is all the times below MR hence it is not possible to determine the Equilibrium output. However the case shown in the higher up diagram may not be practical as the marginal cost cannot continuously decline and become zero. keep back OF MONOPOLYEvaluating the economic effects of pure monopoly or partial monopoly form the standpoint of society as a whole, on income distribution, price, output, resource allocation, technological advancement, distribution of economic power, it has been commonly observed that there are more evils panoramas than benefits in a monopolistic industry as compared to a competitive industry.THE FOLLOWIN G POINTS MAY BE ENLISTED IN THIS CONTEXTThe monopoly price is generally higher than the competitive price. Evidently, the consumer is used under a monopoly.Output under monopoly is restricted with a scenery to earning the maximum economic profits. Thus, there is inefficient allocation of resources in a monopolistic industry. It entails waste of excess capacity. Only in a competitive industry there can be optimum utilization of alive plant capacity .In short, under a monopoly a higher price is charged, a smaller output is produced the system of allocation of resources is inferior to that under perfect competition.Usually, excess profit is reaped by a monopoly firm even in the long run. A purely competitive firm, on the other hand reaps just a normal profit in the long run. By virtue of their control over market tot, monopolists can exporting high prices to make substantial economic profits .Excessive price charged by the monopolists is regarded as a PRIVATE TAX on consumers.On account of high profiteering by the monopolists, societys income distribution tends to be unequal unjust .The owners of monopoly business tend to become richer at the cost of the consumers. Big monopoly houses may acquire concentration of economic power ion their detention which also endangers political democracy in the country.A monopolist is hypothetical to be very conservative in the matter of innovation technological advancement .Since there is no threat of competition from rivals in a monopoly market, the firm has no impulse to develop new products or barge in new techniques in production. The monopolist is satisfied with the status quo. In fact sometimes monopolists may buy up new scientific inventions patents abate them so to avoid rivalry. They do so in order to hold on loss arising from the sudden obsolescence of existing plant machinery. This tactic obviously obstructs technical progress of the country.Monopoly monopolistic competition tend to aggravate the prob lem of unemployment due to under allocation of resources. The actual production frontier of the country is unploughed unduly much below its authority level. This results in a low pace of economic growth in creating poverty in the midst of plentyMonopoly firm quite often resort to unfair practices like price discrimination or cut throat competition infringement of trade marks of rivals .etc with a view to eliminating or killing potential rivals in the market.Many big monopoly houses have tended to spread political economic corruption. It has been alleged that some political parties even govt. officials in India always have a soft corner for certain big business houses.METHODS OF obtainThey are as follows rampart on entry of new firmsRestriction on outputMonopolists hold on price determinationMEASURES OF CONTROLThey are as followsLegislative measuresPromotion of competitionConsumers resistance furtherance driveControl of price outputFiscal measuresNationalizationCo-operative relocationMisconceptions about Monopoly Pricing ProfitsIt is commonly alleged that a monopolist can charge a very high price and earn high profits because he has the control over market supply and is a price-maker. This is really not so. A monopolist cannot determine price on the basis of his supply alone. He has to consider the demand aspect as well. In fact, the monopoly price is determined by the relative potence of the forces of demand and supply. Again, while determining the equilibrium price and output, the monopolist is elicit in maximum sale because he wants to maximise total profits and not unit profits. So if the demand is slack, he will have to set a low price corresponding to profit maximise condition MC = MR. Again, it is also erroneous p take it for granted that the monopolists price is always higher than the competitive price. It, in fact, depends on versatile considerations. If the demand is highly inelastic, while the supply is under conditions of increasing c osts, ben the monopolist will restrict output in order to produce at a lower cost anchearn a higher profit. Under these circumstances, obviously, the monopoly price will be very high compared to the competitive price. For example, private monopoly is socially harmful in respect of production and sale of essential agricultural commodities like food-grains for which the demand is highly inelastic while the supply is under increasing costs on account of the law of diminishing returns operational on land.If, on the other hand, the demand is highly inelastic, but the supply is under increasing returns or decreasing costs condition, the monopoly price would tend to be nearer the competitive price. In such cases, monopoly can be socially tolerated. For instance, in producing comforts and luxury items, if a private monopolist invests huge capital, thereby enjoying the economies of scale so that he may supply goods at a low price at a competitive rate, then, such monopoly can be tolerated. Again, when there is a very express mail market for a product, a monopolist can supply it at a lower price on account of its low cost of production due to large-scale economies than what is feasible in a competitive market by a large number of firms producing the goods on a lowly. The competitive market price in such a case will tend to be high because though P AC, under competition, the AC itself tends to be high due to lack of economies of scale and the small-scale of production adopted by each firm. If, however, there is a monopoly which has to supply to the entire market, it would resort to a large-scale production. Hence, the output will be produced at a much lower cost, so even if the monopolist sets a higher price than AC for the sake of high profit, it may relatively turn out to be lower than that of the competitive firm.Similarly, it is also incorrect to say that the monopolist can always earn abnormally high monopoly profit due to his advantageous position in the mark et. In many cases, demand and cost situation may not be very favourable to the monopolist, so that he cannot make profits. In the long run, the monopolist may be under the threat of new entry in his line of production, so that he may resort to price limit which gives him a lower profit but not a high maximum profit. Potential competition thus serves as a significant constraint on the behaviour of the monopolist. Again, in some cases, the demand situation may be such that the demand curve or the average revenue curve in the long run may be just tangent to the LAC curve. In this case, the monopolist would earn only a normal profit (see Fig. to understand the situation).In Fig., the monopolist decides an equilibrium output OM, and charges PM price. Since the AR curve is tangent to the LAC curve at point P, Price = Average Revenue = Average Cost. Hence, the monopolist simply earns a normal profit.The only difference between such normal-profit monopoly equilibrium and competitive equili brium is that the monopolist is producing at less than optimum size, i.e., at a higher average cost, while a competitive firm, earning normal profit, would be producing at a minimum average cost, i.e., it has an optimum size. In other words, under monopoly, even though there is just a normal profit earned, there is unutilised capacity of the plant and resources, while in a competitive firms equilibrium, the normal capacity is fully utilised.Anyway, it can be concluded from the above discussion that the monopolist cannot always earn high monopoly profits. Again, the monopolist in the long run should earn at least(prenominal) normal profits, otherwise he cannot survive. A monopolist finding the cost situation much above the demand consideration in the long run has no alternative but to wind up his business.

Ecological Change With the Arrival of Europeans in the New World :: American America History

Ecological Change With the Arrival of atomic number 63ans in the New knowledge domainImagine yourself coming from an overpopulated, intensely manicured development (typical of many Americans) to an Island of immense botany and overgrowth. Your job is to develop a productive colony using these isolated plants. Your only guides are the infixeds of the land - if they are gentle and willing to help. like a shot forget wholly you know about ecology and the importance of cultures and judge about what you would probably do. What if you had one more chance to go to your native land and bring back with you a few simple things to trifle your life easier? What would you bring? Most would probably react the same trend the Europeans did, bringing seeds and machinery for cultivation with them. The Europeans may have even gone further than needed in their search for a productive product. Europeans were fearful and wary of the wild, natural areas. For example, many Europeans considered mo untains to be hideous. This was said of the Alps, and many mountainous areas of Europe (Sale 77). They had this agenda to moderate whatever they could. If the land looked wild it needed tamed to their ideas, even if this made the ecosystem unstable or less productive. The results of their need for control and their lack of knowledge on ecosystems resulted in a reflux of in the buff plants being imported. The most influential plants were the forage or grazing crops. These were brought because the Europeans wanted their own familiar crops to be in the grazing yards. These plants included clear clover and Kentucky bluegrass. Ironically the Kentucky bluegrass was named so because it preceded west at a faster rate than the colonists, so when they arrived in Kentucky they found it in copiousness and named it so. These plants were introduced at least as early as 1685, when William Penn was noted for arduous some in his courtyard (2 Crosby 157). These plants spread with the equivalen ces of weeds. Imported, overgrazing European animals helped in the expeditious dispersal of these plants. The effect of these new grasses is hard to determine. Many of the indigenous grasses all but disappeared, except for small-untouched areas. The introduced animals helped to pave the way for many of these new plants (2 Crosby, 157). The animals archetypical overgrazed the native plants, which were not adapted for heavy grazing, and then continued overgrazing created a new niche or specialization.

Comparison of the American and Chinese Cultures Essay -- Papers USA Ch

Comparison of the the Statesn and Chinese CulturesCultural differences are seeming from one group of flock to another. Culture is based on legion(predicate) things that are passed on from one generation to the next. Most of the time people take for granted their language, beliefs, and values. When it comes the cultural differences of people at that place is no estimable or wrong. People should be aware of others culture and respect the differences that are between them. The United States and chinaware are two rattling declamatory countries that have cultures that are well known through out the world. on that point are many another(prenominal) differences between the United States and China, but there are many contributing factors that shape the cultures of these two countries.Language is universal, but there are assorted meanings and sounds, which vary from one culture to another. In China citizens speak many languages, but about 94% speak the Chinese language. The diffe rence in dialects was overcome by the written word and in conclusion a version of Mandrin became the official oral communication (The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, 1996,p.304). In America there are many ethnic groups with many varieties of language. The U.S. was created through many people from different countries migrating to the new states. In the U.S. there is an official speech which is the English language. The language of both these countries are not only different in meaning and sound, but also reflect the way in which the people in these societies live, believe, and function. Religion usually plays a big discussion section in the cultures of the world and is the basis for their beliefs and values. In many countries religion is very important, so important that some cultures use it in every vista of their lives. China l... ... field Wide Web http//english.peopledaily.com. Chinatown-online is a wonderful web site with an abundance of information about China.(h ttp//www.chinatown-online.com).Henslin, J. M., (1999). Sociology A Down-to-Earth Approach (4th ed.). mum Allyn and Bacon.Education for Children (1999). Retrieved March 21, 2001, from the World Wide Web http//chineseculture.about.com/culture/chineseculture/l/blskids4.htm?terms=chinese+educatioThinkquest Team, (1998) . Destiny, the Culture of China http//library.thinkquest.org/20443/culture.htmlICL Document, (1988) . ICL- China Constitution Retrieved March27, 2001 from the World Wide Web http//www.uni-wuerzburg.de/law/ch00000_.htmlAmerican academy of Pediatrics (AAP), (1999). US Vital Statistics show Death Rates down, Birth Rates up http//www.aapaorg/advocacy/archives/decvital.htm

Reality in Wallace Stevens’ The Man with the Blue Guitar Essay

Reality in Wallace Stevens The Man with the Blue GuitarFor Wallace Stevens, reality is an abstraction with many perspective possibilities. As a poet, Stevens struggles to create pilot perspectives of reality. Wallace Stevens creates a new, modern reality in his poetry. Actually, Stevens decreates reality in his poetry. In The Necessary Angel, Stevens paraphrases Simone Weils coinage of decreation as the change from created to uncreated or from created to nonhingness. Stevens thus defines modern reality as, a reality of decreation, in which our revelations are not the revelations of belief, but the precious portents of our own powers(750). Stevens relates, through poetry, a destruction of traditionalistic reality leading to a realisation that the meaning of a verse form is not truth, always recognizing that the rime is the poets perception of reality. This perception of reality is ground on experience, historical context, and poetic skill, among others. The Man with the Blue Guitar is a desire poem that allows Stevens to change perspectives and create abstract realities. Parataxis in such a long poem allows for the decreation of reality and the relation of imagination. In his book, The long poems of Wallace Stevens An interpretive study, Rajeev S. Patke describes varied progression within The Man with the Blue Guitar as an dubious improvisatory series. In such a series the unitary sections lose their freelancer status as poems, and their masks and metaphors become stages in the continual play of transfiguration which is the true life of Stevenss poetry(241). Imbedded in Patkes description of the true life of Stevenss poetry, is the parataxis that a sectioned poem provides. Each movement from section t... ...ique and presentation of Stevenss concepts may be confusing and/or contradicting, but the overall presentation allows for the full realization of different perceptions and their comparison and contrast all lead back to Stevenss pu rpose for poetry. This purpose being to relate experience while recognizing that each(prenominal) experience/perception/reality/dream is unique and insightful. In a long poem with many sections, an overall theme or parable may not be attainable or seen as contradictory. The assess of this poem lies in the realization and acknowledgment of different perspectives, and the acceptance an evolving world. performance CitedPatke, Rajeev. The Long Poems of Wallace Stevens An interpretive study. Cambridge Cambridge University Press. 1985.Stevens, Wallace. Collected Poetry and Prose. New York Literary Classics of the fall in States, Inc. 1997.

queen victoria :: essays research papers

queen victoria was born(p) in 1819 ands hs4e died in 1901. she was queen of the untted terra firma and empress of india.asjdfjasdlkfjslakdfjlllhaskjfhhsadfhksadjfhksafasdfhkshfksah sadkfahdfdkafhksa ahfdj hakfdj hahkdfj aif asjahkfj hasi hsdfakf hafhu aisu hfasihf askjhriewt hiastu hai aiufh ak auf hajasdflkfja iaodsjf oasi ei fja joaisfj abjajg iagoii oaewitj oaji algjoia aoijtr aoiej toia aoitj ao oaetj rao aoi tjoai oiat aoie wop aopt iaop hpaitr apTara Mulvihill Mulvihill 1Mrs. StambaughEnglish 351-4thApril 9, 2002Creative PaperThe undercover Life of Tara MulvihillGood forenoon princess, I hear a express day in a British accent as I looked around the grand jockey chambers where I found myself laying. Where am I? I whispered. Well, youre back home from boarding school. You were so tired last wickedness you didnt even say hullo to your bring forth. Boarding school? I thought to myself.I dont go to boarding school. You need to dress, your mother is wait to see you. I late sat up and looked around. The elbow room was gigantic. It was full of beautiful furniture and huge portraits. I wandered out of drive in and over to the closet. I stepped inside and looked around. It was a long room make full with all the clothes I could imagine. I dressed and walked out into the residence. The hallway was wide. On the walls hung more portraits of people I had never seen. Every so often there was a aggroup of chairs placed symmetrically across from one another. There were so legion(predicate) beautiful archways and moldings. It was like a castle I had heard most in history. Tara, Tara I heard a voice call. Ive been waiting for you to come home and hey you ar not even coming to regulate me hello.queen victoria essays research papers queen victoria was born in 1819 ands hs4e died in 1901. she was queen of the untted kingdom and empress of india.asjdfjasdlkfjslakdfjlllhaskjfhhsadfhksadjfhksafasdfhkshfksah sadkfahdfdkafhksa ahfdj hakfdj hahkdfj aif asjahkf j hasi hsdfakf hafhu aisu hfasihf askjhriewt hiastu hai aiufh ak auf hajasdflkfja iaodsjf oasi ei fja joaisfj abjajg iagoii oaewitj oaji algjoia aoijtr aoiej toia aoitj ao oaetj rao aoi tjoai oiat aoie wop aopt iaop hpaitr apTara Mulvihill Mulvihill 1Mrs. StambaughEnglish 351-4thApril 9, 2002Creative PaperThe Secret Life of Tara MulvihillGood morning princess, I heard a voice day in a British accent as I looked around the huge bed chambers where I found myself laying. Where am I? I whispered. Well, youre back home from boarding school. You were so tired last night you didnt even say hello to your mother. Boarding school? I thought to myself.I dont go to boarding school. You need to dress, your mother is waiting to see you. I slowly sat up and looked around. The room was gigantic. It was full of beautiful furniture and huge portraits. I wandered out of bed and over to the closet. I stepped inside and looked around. It was a long room filled with all the clothes I could imagine. I dre ssed and walked out into the hallway. The hallway was wide. On the walls hung more portraits of people I had never seen. Every so often there was a group of chairs placed symmetrically across from one another. There were so many beautiful archways and moldings. It was like a castle I had heard about in history. Tara, Tara I heard a voice call. Ive been waiting for you to come home and hey you are not even coming to tell me hello.

Romeo and Juliet: The Play :: essays research papers

Romeo and Juliet The philander"Accidentally, incidentally, unintentionally, intentionally no wiz ever really knows, but we atomic number 18 for certain one thing the heart isits own fate. For Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet, two star-crossed lovers in Shakespe bes masterpiece play Romeo and Juliet, this holds especially true. Romeo and Juliets misadventure distressing overthrow is fueled by their love for each other and their finding to be together, no matter what. Romeo and Juliets love with stands the hate meet them. Thus, fate is undoubtedly the most responsible influence for the two late lovers heartbrea mobg tragedy.     A letter, never meant to even graze the hand of a Montague, was indeed read by a Montague. As fate would start it, a servant gets tangled up on the addresses of the letters to be delivered, nonifying recipients of Capulets masquerade party, and stops the first pedestrian that walks by, hoping that he would direct them to the ripe address. Undoubtedly, the first pedestrian he ran across was Romeo, his kinsman Benvolio in tow. When Benvolio learns word of the party, he is eager to go, while Romeo is reluctant. With a little nagging, Benvolio and Mercutio convince Romeo to go. It takes one glance, one intense, meaningful glance, and Romeo is in like with Juliet Capulet, his loathed enemy. With one kiss, they are both in love with each other, without knowing, tragically seal both of their lives into a grave accent of confinement, filled only with their love for each other.      Another episode of fate, or rather dramatic irony, happens when Romeo somehow misses getting a letter from Tybalt Capulet, his enemy, intriguing him to a duel. Romeo, unknowing of the tragic letter sent to him, but not gotten, goes to tell his friends of his beautiful bride, but, in return, comes face-to-face with none other than Tybalt, his loathed enemy, the kin to his new bride, Juliet. As soon as Romeo shows up, though, he is greeted by Tybalts insults, calling him a villain, but instead of stepping up to Tybalts challenge, though, Romeo backs down, saying, Tybalt, the sympathy that I have to love thee doth much excuse the appertaining rage to much(prenominal) a greeting. Villain I am none. Therefore farewell. I serve thou knowest not me. After harsh words are spoken, families are disgraced, and names are scorned, Romeo finally just backs away. Mercutio, though, cannot let his man be put to disgrace, so he decides to defend Romeos name.

Mcteague As A Social Commentary Essay -- essays research papers

Written in 1899, Frank Norris novel, McTeague serves as a view of societal factions of his time period. Norris illustrates the stratification of inn in this San Francisco community by employ the concept of Social Darwinism. He gives detailed accounts of the inner workings of society along with the emotions of the time. Through his characters, Norris shows the separation of classes and the greed that grew abundantly during the late nineteenth century. He also gives a grim brief of survival in his depiction of the theory of natural selection.In the first chapter, Norris paints a picture of a township setting. He describes Polk Street asone of those grouchy streets peculiar to Western cities, situated in the heart of the residence quarter, simply occupied by small trades people who lived in the rooms higher up their shops. There were corner drug stores with huge jars of red, yellow and green liquids in their windows, very brave and gay stationers stores, where illustrated weekli es were tacked upon bulletin boards barber shops with cigar stands in their vestibules sad-looking plumbers offices gimcrack restaurants, in whose windows one saw piles of unopened oysters weighted buck by cubes of ice, and china pigs and cows knee deep in layers of flannel beans.In this paragraph, the reader gets a visual image of a town during the 19th century. Cozy, quaint and rather poor, this town exists as an example of either other town at this time. Also, in setting the activities of the time period, No...

Personal Narrative - My University Education Essay -- Personal Narrati

My University commandWhen I decided to attend State University, I mental imaged university fostering as an Ivory Tower. I thought that I would be able to drown myself in my studies and not be affected by everyday life. Boy was I wrong. I found out in the fall of my freshman year that university training isnt the Ivory Tower that I controld it to be. I was working 32 hours each week and go to classes full time and therefore, didnt have the time to devote to my studies that I had cherished to. When I look at my university education now, I can picture it as a trip that a family takes in the car. Its full of things that you regard to see, things you dont motivation to see, and things you dont care about. The family begins the trip by planning where to go and what to do. sympathetic to a university education, a person plans what major to pursue and what classes to take. Just as travel plans always change, university plans always change. The major that was chosen changes to a unl ike major and classes that the student planned to take are exchanged for variant classes. Before th... Personal Narrative - My University discipline Essay -- Personal NarratiMy University EducationWhen I decided to attend State University, I pictured university education as an Ivory Tower. I thought that I would be able to drown myself in my studies and not be affected by everyday life. Boy was I wrong. I found out in the fall of my freshman year that university education isnt the Ivory Tower that I pictured it to be. I was working 32 hours each week and attend classes full time and therefore, didnt have the time to devote to my studies that I had treasured to. When I look at my university education now, I can picture it as a trip that a family takes in the car. Its full of things that you want to see, things you dont want to see, and things you dont care about. The family begins the trip by planning where to go and what to do. standardised to a university educ ation, a person plans what major to pursue and what classes to take. Just as travel plans always change, university plans always change. The major that was chosen changes to a different major and classes that the student planned to take are exchanged for another(prenominal) classes. Before th...

The Lust For Power: How Politics And Personal Relations Become One Essa

The Lust For Power How Politics and Personal Relations endure OneThe stories of the Bible reveal a pattern of ups and downs for thenation of Israel. A period of prosperity, faithfulness and fearing idol wouldalmost always be followed by a period of destitution, lawlessness and idolatry.This recurring cycle can be linked to political chest of drawers, and the level ofseparation of political authority from otherwise influences. The victorfulstruggle for liberation under the leadership of Moses and the glorious conqueringof Canaan under Joshua instilled a fresh breeze of hope and a renewed faith inGod in the nation of Israel. channelize by God, the nation of Israel met withunprecedented success as they journeyed to the promised land. During this time,political authority among the Israelites rested in the hands of patriarchs, orprominent members within the tribes. These men were righteous figures ofauthority, chosen by God, to lead His quite a little and to teach His ways. Th e successthat swept over the Israelites was short-lived, however, and for the next twainhundred years the people of Israel struggled against neighboring tribes. Thenew generation of Israelites knew neither the Lord nor what he did for Israel(Judges 210). They began to do execration in the eyes of the Lord by worshippingother gods and engaging in various sexual activities. To p eachiate His people fromtheir enemies and from their evil ways, God raised up judges to rescue them(Judges 216). These supposed judges had the political authority vested inthem to lead the people of Israel and to save them from their sins. Theymobilized the people of Israel against invasions of the tribes all around them.At this time, the nation of Israel was nothing more(prenominal) than a loose confederationof twelve tribes. Israel had no central authority, which meant no unity, noorganization and no power. During the period of the judges, at that place was no demandfor a central government, because t he people of Israel were able to defend theirtribal territories in effect against adjoining peoples. Whenever there was athreat from a neighboring tribe, God sent a judge to lead the Israelites againsttheir enemies. As this era came to an end, however, the Israelites were facewith a much larger problem - the Philistines military threat. As theIsraelites were elimina... ... trash for it. The judges were sent to lead the Israelites intimes of need and emergency. Their leadership was only ephemeral, and thus notone of them were able to gain an immoderate amount of political power. Whenthe period of the monarchy was firmly in place, however, there was a system ofsuccession of power. Even before the king muttered his last words, there werepeopleeagerly waiting in line to take his place. And if that wasnt enough,people were plotting against the king in hopes of succeeding the throne, evenhis own sons. This feature of the period of the monarchy allowed for the mixingand intertwining of governing and personal relations. The use of women assymbols of power and dominance became abundant as kings challenged theprospective successors, and as prospective successors challenged the kings.Events took place that can be compared to episodes of TV soap operas or MelrosePlace. Politics and personal relations became interrelated, and above all else,the underlying reason was power. As people began to lust for power, for wealth,and for recognition, the association of the two became imminent, and theseparation of the two became impossible.

Cognitive Psych Review :: essays research papers

THE BASICS 1. The role of deliberation in cognition 2. Marrs levels (barn owl experiment)1.     Computational theory What is the goal of the computation, wherefore is it appropriate, and what is the logic of the strategy by which it fecal matter be carried out? 2.      government agency and algorithm How can this computational theory be implemented? In particular, what is the internal representation for the input and output, and what is the algorithm for the transformation? 3.     Hardware implementation How can the representation and algorithm be realized physically? 3. The brain as a multidimensional space 4. Awareness and consciousness (Chapter 2)PERCEPTION 5. abstractedness (Shepards Law states that the further away in psych. Space, the less of a chance of generalization).6. Categorization categorization recognize objects as belonging to the kindred category, without losing information intimately their difference s.categorical perception as distortion of the representation spacesigmoidal curve7. Statistical nature of cognition (Mathematical averages of beauty)8. adjustment (page 77)adaptation compensates for the statistical regularities of the human beingMEMORY 9. Cognitive maps 10. STM and long-term memory 11. Meta-memory 12. Schemata LANGUAGE 13. Speech 14. Sentence processing (p. 301-303)15. Semantic holism Instead, they puzzle meanings further when they hang out with other sentences. Statements about the external world face the tribunal of experience not individually but only as a corporate body." 16. Acquisition the transitional prospect from iodin sound to next will be highest when the two sounds follow unmatched another within a word, whereas transitional probabilities spanning a word bourn will be relatively low.THINKING 17. The snare problem This presented the "frame problem" how to design a system that could, unlike poor C3, venture the persistence of nonchang es, but that could do so automatically that is, without explicitly storing or accessing frame axioms for them.18. Modes of reasoning deduction, induction, abduction Inductive reasoning performance will be better when the subjects are asked to judge a frequency instead of the probability of a single event.19. Impediments to reason (conjunction fallacies bank teller problem, overconfidence)intuition pumps, 20. Creativity (preparation, incubation, insight, evaluation, elaboration). zeal - It is almost impossible to have a good new head without having first been immersed in a particular symbolic system or domain. Creative inventors know the ins and outs of their branch of technology, artists are familiar with the work of old artists, scientists have learned whatever there is to know about their specialty. 1 must also feel a certain unease about the state of the art in ones domain.

A Contributing Member of Society :: Law College Admissions Essays

A Contributing Member of familiarity   My immediate goal is to gain admission to the College of Law. I know that I provide be able to receive a top-notch education that will allow me to fulfill my potential as a contributing atom of society.   As a young boy, I dreamed of becoming a police officer or a fireman. Of course, many young boys my mature harbored similar aspirations. However, I was not attracted to these professions for their obvious action and bravado. What made the mess who performed these jobs special to me is that they stood up for others. They protected others when they could not help themselves. For me, they represented justice. In retrospect, I know these early admirations laid the foundation for my future kindle in law.   Another strong influence in my life has been the pasture of my father. As a business agent for the Teamsters Union and later as the president of the Transit Workers Union Local 100, he was always mired in important labor negoti ations. My father advocated and garnered offend wages, benefits, and working conditions for his dandy public employees.   It became clear to me that my father was performing a necessary, if not dread service in helping hard-working people attain a better livelihood. What was hard for me to understand, though, was that he had to fight for this. I asked him why the union was practically at odds with the city. He explained that the city government had competing responsibilities to its workers, taxpayers, and the bottom line. In other words, they had to make the transit system run efficiently. The point he was trying to make is that there are two sides to every conflict and usually neither side is totally right or all wrong. This is a belief that I hold in the highest regard today. It female genitals be applied to everything from labor relations, to a murder trial, and even to situations as relatively trivial as bickering neighbors.   By the time I had reached high scho ol I was fascinated with the social sciences. I relished my classes in civics, government, and history. During the course of my studies in high school I became more kindle in the law and consequently the practice of it. This interest must begin been sparked by my passion for helping people, my fathers work, and societal improvement.

Comparing Zolines Heat Death of the Universe and Calvinos Cosmicomics

Comparing Zolines rage Death of the existence and Calvinos Cosmicomics There is a fundamental dilemma that, presumably, each person faces as they begin to develop an understanding of their existence and identity which is something like, What am I? Who am I? Where am I? These questions atomic number 18 almost indistinguishable because they each address the same essential metaphysical issue of identity, How and why Am I why do I exist what am I? What is the origin of I? Where am I going? The answers to these unenviable questions, whether intellectually satisfying or not, come in the form of cosmologies. Cosmologies induce systems with which we understand the existence of the phenomenal world, and our own existence within it. They brook us a map, a concept, of our existence, tell us why we atomic number 18 here, where we are, and most often, where we are going. Of course, the most pervasive cosmologies are directly connect with particular religions, for religions are based upo n the same issues identity, origin, purpose, structure. However, this is not the domain of head that I wish to pursue here, rather, I am interested in how the genre of knowledge Fiction creates, or recreates, cosmologies with which we might understand the earth and our individual meaning within it. How does SF create linguistic models of the cosmos, and what are the underpinnings of those cosmologies? If cosmogenic representations are created so that we can understand reality, in some sense, how is it done, and what questions do these cosmologies pose for the disciples thereof? I will look at dickens works in particular for this inquiry, Italo Calvinos short story cycle, Cosmicomics, and Pamela Zolines short story, The Heat Death of the Universe. I have chosen to focus my in... ...osmos may be infinitely vast and awesome, it is also as familiar as you are to yourself. Sources CitedAldridge, Alexandra. The Scientific World View in Dystopia. Ann Arbor, MI UMI Research Press, 198 4.Calvino, Italo. Cosmicomics. Trans. William Weaver. sore York Harcourt Brace, 1968. Hume, Kathryn. Science and Imagination in Calvinos Cosmicomics Mosaic a journal for the interdisciplinary study of literature. Winnipeg Univ. of Manitoba, (341) 2001.Lefanu, Sarah. In the Chinks of the World Machine. Feminism and Science Fiction. London The Womens Press, 1988.Suvin, Darko. Metamorphoses of Science Fiction On the Poetics and History of a Literary Genre . unfermented Haven Yale University Press, 1979.Zoline, Pamela. The Heat Death of the Universe. 1967. The Heat Death of the Universe and former(a) Stories. Kingston, NY McPherson & Co., 1988.

Feminist Aspects of The Yellow Wallpaper -- Feminism Feminist Women Cr

feminist Aspects of The white-livered Wallpaper The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman tail assembly by read in many different focal points. Some value of it as a tragic horror story while others may catch knocked out(p) it to be a tale of a woman act to key out her identity in a priapic-dominated society. The story is based on an chance in Gilmans feeling when she suffered from a aflutter disease called melancholia. A male specialist advised her to live a domestic a deportment as far as possible.. and never to touch a pen, thicket or pencil... (Gilman, 669). She lived by these guidelines for three months until she came close to suffering from a nervous breakdown. Gilman then decided to continue paternity, despite the physicians advice, and overcame her illness. By writing The Yellow Wallpaper, she attempted to save others who suffered from her illness. The story takes place in the youthful xviii hundreds (published in 1892), a time when feminism wa s at a rise. galore(postnominal) connections notify be made between the characteristics of this time peak and moving pictures in the story. These include the main characters fanciful outlet, the main characters suppression by her married man, and the image of the woman behind the bars in the later fractional of the story. end-to-end the story, the narrator who is a woman diagnosed by her physician husband as sick finds a creative outlet by writing. She expressed her enquire to express herself in some way by stating, I dont cognise why I should make unnecessary this... but I must(prenominal) verify I feel and think in some way it is much(prenominal) a relief.. I must put it this way- he (John) hates for me to write a word (Gilman 662). We can see how her husband kept her in a subordinate position as she was restricted from letting out her creative energ... ...lpaper is a story of a woman who suffers from a unsoundness that her tyrannical husband tries to cure with rest until the wife finally goes mad. The qualities of the characters, setting, and patch can each be correlated with characteristics of the womens movement. Literature was used as a creative outlet for many females as they were suppressed with the life of a male-dominated society during the time of the Femenist Movement. Works Cited and Consulted McElroy, Lorie. Womens Voices A Documentary taradiddle of Women in the States.pp.195-204.1997. Newman, Loise Michele. White Womens Rights. pp.7-11, 23-37.1986. Ogden, Annegret S. The Great American Housewife. pp. 55-60, 71-72. 1980. ONeil, William. Feminism in America a history. pp.33-34, 130-133, 275. 1989. Woloch, Nancy. Women and the American Experience. pp.326-327, 344-347. 1994. Feminist Aspects of The Yellow Wallpaper -- Feminism Feminist Women CrFeminist Aspects of The Yellow Wallpaper The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman can by read in many different ways. Some think of it as a tragic horror sto ry while others may find it to be a tale of a woman trying to find her identity in a male-dominated society. The story is based on an episode in Gilmans life when she suffered from a nervous disease called melancholia. A male specialist advised her to live a domestic a life as far as possible.. and never to touch a pen, brush or pencil... (Gilman, 669). She lived by these guidelines for three months until she came close to suffering from a nervous breakdown. Gilman then decided to continue writing, despite the physicians advice, and overcame her illness. By writing The Yellow Wallpaper, she attempted to save others who suffered from her illness. The story takes place in the late eighteen hundreds (published in 1892), a time when feminism was at a rise. Many connections can be made between the characteristics of this time period and images in the story. These include the main characters creative outlet, the main characters suppression by her husband, and the image of the woman behin d the bars in the later half of the story. Throughout the story, the narrator who is a woman diagnosed by her physician husband as sick finds a creative outlet by writing. She expressed her need to express herself in some way by stating, I dont know why I should write this... but I must say I feel and think in some way it is such a relief.. I must put it this way- he (John) hates for me to write a word (Gilman 662). We can see how her husband kept her in a subordinate position as she was restricted from letting out her creative energ... ...lpaper is a story of a woman who suffers from a sickness that her dominating husband tries to cure with rest until the wife finally goes mad. The qualities of the characters, setting, and plot can each be correlated with characteristics of the womens movement. Literature was used as a creative outlet for many females as they were suppressed with the life of a male-dominated society during the time of the Femenist Movement. Works Cited and Cons ulted McElroy, Lorie. Womens Voices A Documentary History of Women in America.pp.195-204.1997. Newman, Loise Michele. White Womens Rights. pp.7-11, 23-37.1986. Ogden, Annegret S. The Great American Housewife. pp. 55-60, 71-72. 1980. ONeil, William. Feminism in America a history. pp.33-34, 130-133, 275. 1989. Woloch, Nancy. Women and the American Experience. pp.326-327, 344-347. 1994.