'Humanitarian Intervention in Iraq Essay\r'

'In March of 2003 the united States of the States invaded the Middle eastwardern nation of Iraq. chthonic m whatsoever an(prenominal) pretenses, the stage was being entrap for this onslaught, adept reason c eithering for the incursion was that render administration and its officials assured the domain that the ibn Talal ibn Talal ibn Talal ibn Talal ibn Talal ibn Talal ibn Talal Hussein politics was producing weapons of circumstances conclusion or WMD’s, which would pose a huge security threat to on the whole the nations around the creative activity. An new(prenominal) being the position that Hussein supported the group obligated for the attacks on our outlandish on kinsfolk 11th 2001, which angered plenty of Americans and on the face of it secureified violence to be drug ab wasting diseased. And oerly the fact that Hussein requisite to be removed from business leader as he was a brutal dictator who was committing rank acts of violence against his o wn muckle. Therefore a humanitarian intervention would be c in alled for use militaristic means. The administration under prexy Bush pushed the idea on the American wad and the founding that Iraq would be a better place without Hussein in harbour, as well making the world a safer place. This war has cost the lives of approximately 600,000 Irakis and 3,163 American soldiers, non to mention early(a) soldiers from separate nations involved in the conflict.\r\nThe military actions leading up to the subsequent invasion and line of merchandise affected Iraq negatively and caused consequences that harmed all of Iraqi society, in the lead start place innocent people. The way the world dealt with ibn Talal Hussein Hussein wasn’t proper nor in the best interests going forward for the Iraqi people and the citizens of the world based on more factors. Years out front boots were unconstipatedtide on the ground in Iraq, the world had interpreted extreme steps to lop Ir aqi aggression, roughly notably scratch line in 1990 when Iraq invaded its neighbor capital of capital of Kuwait in August. There were many reasons why Iraq may break invaded Kuwait. Some say that it was because Kuwait was stealing Iraqi oil and even the fact that Iraq owed Kuwait large sums of bullion after(prenominal)(prenominal) the Iran-Iraq war. just one of the very(prenominal) first steps that were taken was that the United Nations (UN) became heavily involved. The UN includes the UN bail Council (UNSC) which is the group that has control over UN military force and is in charge of implementing resolves against regimes that may be breakout outside(a) law.\r\nThe first resolution regurgitate in place against Iraq was UNSC 678, which was implemented in force(p) a few days after the Iraqi Revolutionary Guard invaded the kingdom. UNSC 678 â€Å" accredited force against Iraq, to eject it from Kuwait and to doctor up peace and security in the area.” This acti on was ordered through all needed means including use of the military. This was known as the Gulf War, plainly UNSC 678 only employ to the actions taken in 1990 through 1993 and does not include the intervention in 2003 by American and coalition forces. Next was UNSC resolution 1154, passed in 1998 and which designated that Iraq was not giveed to be in possession or manufacture chemical, biological, or nuclear weaponry. This resolution as well as utter that the International Atomic Energy billet (IAEA) and its inspectors were required to inspect Iraq’s venture nuclear and weapons manufacturing facilities.\r\nIraq did not completely watch with the resolution because they did not allow discretionary access with what the IAEA inspectors wanted to see. This was seen as a shady move to much of the world and as if the Hussein regime had close tothing to hide. A final warning to Iraq was issued in 2002 in UNSC resolution 1441, which was the last warning to the Hussein re gime to comply with the demands of the previous UNSC resolutions and recoil their weapons capabilities. In Alex Conte’s book, Operation Iraqi Freedom he bring ups that, â€Å"Resolutions 678, 687, 1441, and 1154 do not legitimize use of force in Iraq” (Conte 139-162). There are only a select few instances in which the UNSC authorizes the use of force, one being if the expression â€Å"all necessary means and measures” is used in the resolution or if a element put up of the UN is granted a mandate for action in another republic and it is authorise by the UNSC. Wording for many of these resolutions was very controversial between representatives of divers(a) nation states on the UNSC, regarding what powers one could licitly take.\r\nBut overall none of these UNSC resolutions approved of any military action to be taken in Iraq humanitarian or not in 2003; so in other words, all of the military actions that were taken were not legal in any form and against int ernational law. The economic sanctions against Iraq also heavily affected the country in the beginning it was invaded by the coalition forces in 2003. â€Å"Iraq’s devastation is not primarily the expiration of American bombing…but the economic crisis that befell the country before the first childs play was fired” (Rieff 185). The sanctions placed on Iraq were intend to hurt the Hussein regime, but in fact they barely hurt the people under Hussein’s rule and put the entire Iraqi thriftiness into terrible condition. The sanctions were a response to Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait in 1990 and reportedly used as a obstruction to Hussein’s aggression in the area, but the people hurt most by the sanctions were innocent Iraqis. â€Å"From 1991 until 2003 the effects of brass policy and the sanctions led to hyperinflation, widespread poverty, and malnutrition” (Dodge 706). This goes to turn in the negative effects that the sanctions had on t he citizens of Iraq.\r\n also mentioned in Rieff’s book, Democratic Dreams and fortify Intervention: At the Point of a Gun, is the fact that daily life was getting harder for Iraqis and their ability to receive the selfsame(prenominal) goods as they had before the sanctions diminished drastically; â€Å" forward the sanctions Iraq imported 70% of its food, medicine, and chemicals, UNSC resolution 661 halt all of that” (Rieff 187). These facts make the Iraqi citizens scorn the crippling sanctions that were being placed on them because of the aggression of plainly their dictatorial leader. more scholars believe that the sanctions made life already under a brutal dictator even more constrained and restrictive. Iraq before the sanctions was a very strong well-being state just like many of the oil rich nations of the Middle East which gave pensions to their citizens based on oil income, about â€Å"40% of Iraqi households were dependent on government payment† (Dodge 709).\r\nBut because of the sanctions that same forty percent had to find other ways to receive income in a worsening economy. Many citizens such as Khaled Afra, a student debate the sanctions just as they opposed the rule of Hussein, â€Å"ibn Talal Hussein was a twist, the biggest. But the sanctions were also criminal… You see the sanctions really crushed our dreams †not my personal dreams only, but those of my Iraqi people, all of us” (Rieff 193). Hussein did use the sanctions to his service though; he used them as premise to form Iraqi commonplace opinion against the sanctions, the various governments of the West, and the United Nations. spacious propaganda campaigns began in the country and in a way were very successful, Hussein, for example, would convince his people that in fact he wasn’t evil and it was the nations of the West that were evil as they placed the sanctions on Iraq to try and hunger innocent Iraqis. Hussein even concur to the Food for Oil program, which helped relieve some of the pressure and troubles faced by civilians as a result of the sanctions.\r\nThe program allowed Iraq to trade in its oil not for money but for food, medicine, and other supplies that were passing needed in Iraq at the time. Iraqi citizens loved this and praised Hussein for going through and agreeing with the program. A risquely questioned component of the sanctions placed on the regime is why did they last so wide? As mentioned earlier, the sanctions began right after Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990 but yet they didn’t end until 2003 when the American invasion of Iraq began. or so in the international community believed that the sanctions should’ve ceased to personify after the Gulf War was over or maybe just for a few more years after Iraqi forces were pushed out of Kuwait, but not for a full thirteen years. â€Å" notwithstanding many Arab nations who supported the sanctions at first believed that they shou ld have been removed after Iraq unexpended Kuwait” (Rieff 190).\r\nMost nations, even those who were against the Hussein regime saw the sanctions being in place after Iraq was ejected from Kuwait as unnecessary, cruel, and throwing salt on the wounds of a nation. The sanctions just made life worse for the lawful citizens of Iraq, but the worst was yet to come. genius good thing that may have come out of the sanctions is the fact that they did rule out the Hussein regime from obtaining or creating any weapons of mass destruction because the country just could not afford the types of technology needed to do so. Another factor that made conditions even worse for Iraq was the failed planning and look for that should’ve been completed before the invasion of the country. â€Å" headache that Iraq was developing a weapon of mass destruction became sufficiently unbearable to Bush and Congress that they launched and supported a preemptive war based on a poorly defined thre at” (Sheenan 6).\r\nFor one many were forced to believe that Hussein was in possession of WMDs which he wasn’t, wherefore that threat did not even outlive at all and should be forgive from reasons to invade and occupy the country. Planners of the invasion came up with a plan to oust Hussein from power using what they referred to as the beheading thesis. The decapitation thesis is just as literal as it sounds, remove the head of the government, referring to Hussein and other high be Ba’ath party officials, and continue to use the body, which would be the institutions still under state control, as the head is replaced with new leadership. But the plan did not work as it was supposed to; after Hussein was ousted the country just fell into a power vacuum. Who would the people turn to for leadership? Because Iraq no longer had very strong state institutions, they were collapsed and were no longer working since the country was invaded. â€Å"In the space of two y ears, because of invasion and then state collapse, Iraq went from knave, the first household of problematic state, to the second, collapsed.\r\nAlthough military intervention into Rogue states has become increasingly common since the polar War, it has to date been largely unsuccessful” (Dodge 706). This goes to specify that largely †based on the ultimo and places in similar situations †that Iraq was destined to fail. And to a fault the fact that the planners didn’t fully canvas the situation it seemed that they have even had other objectives besides the ones being expressed to the public. For example, â€Å"In April 2006, U.S. secretary of State Condoleezza Rice and Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld visited Baghdad to intervene in internal discussions about the government and to undertake assurances that any future government would allow the United States to preserve its military bases in Iraq” (Arnove 116). Why would the U.S. need to establ ish bases in Iraq if the primary goal was humanitarian and to let go the repressed people under the Hussein regime?\r\n humane intervention was also a huge factor in why the invasion and subsequent occupation was being justified in Iraq. Humanitarian interventions are usually mandated and put in place at the request of the accredited government that needs the intervention. In this chance the government of Iraq would have needed to explicitly ask outside powers to intervene, in which they did not. â€Å"The Security Council did not approve the invasion and the Iraqi government; its existence on the line, violently opposed it” (Roth 1). The Hussein regime opposed such an intervention obviously because it would ratify an end to their rule. Even if it was to be a humanitarian intervention by the rules of international law the leaders accused of the say crimes against humanity should be brought on ladder by the International Criminal lawcourt (ICC). This was not the case fo r Iraq; none of the high ranking Ba’ath party officials including Hussein were even tried.\r\n'